In this study, which is to sum up political-social situation of Shiites in Iraq in 1990-2006, the author has attempted to present an analysis about the conditions of Shiites in Iran’s western neighbor, where Shiites form the majority. The author has dug out major reasons behind marginalization of Shiites in the past century and return to power in the recent years. Therefore, the primary results of the current study could be briefed as follows:

1. Political structure in Iraq, before ousting Ba’ath regime was based on a minority group’s supremacy. Although Shiites were in majority and enjoyed various capabilities, they were shoved to isolation. While, after the fall of the Saddam’s regime, new situation emerged in Iraq, and the former structure was converted, creating a practical probability for the majority Shiites to assume power.

2. There are crucial challenges and obstacles that the Iraqi Shiites face and keep them from sharing political power in different periods, which could be divided into tow parts: A. Internal Factors: affairs like political, socio-cultural of the people and the Shiite elites, institutionalized sectarianism and control of a stifling tribalism.

B. Foreign Factors: In the past, the oppressive role of the foreign countries.e.g. the United States, Britain, and their regional satellite states played major role in isolating and stifling Shiites in Iraq.

This is while, the past situation is prevalent somehow by insurgent terrorist Wahabi groups, al Qaeda and the agents of Sunni-Arab states of the region, who are considered as the main threats against the Iraqi Shiites.

3. There is no doubt that the reinforcing position of Iraqi Shiites would lead to reinvigoration of the Islamic Republic o Iran’s status in the region, as well as in the world, and if the situation in handled properly, Iraqi Shiites will not only see better days politically and socially, but Iraq would also turn out to be an ally for Iran, instead of a permanent threat against Tehran’s national interest.