With the end of Cold War between the two super powers, collapse of the Soviet Union and developments of 1990s in the scene of international relations, international developments highlight the U.S. attempts to establish a hegemonic Stability and become a hegemonic power.

Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990, Balkan’s crisis, and more decisively the 11th  of September terrorist incidents , the U.S. new strategy based on preemptive attack  as well as invasion of Afghanistan and Iraq; all indicate the reinterpretation of the U.S responsibilities and the U.S. national security strategy after Cold War.

Regarding the geopolitical importance of the Middle East and reinforcement of a trend that is called Islamic Fundamentalism by the U.S., “Greater Middle East Initiative” has been devised in order to make fundamental changes in ME and North Africa region on the one hand and fulfill the U.S interests in the region on the other.

This initiative is one of the newest U.S. macro strategies for the region and puts emphasis on issues like: economic reform, good and efficient governance, women and minorities rights, democracy and civil society institutions, education etc.

In addition to the elaboration of different aspects of Greater Middle East Initiative, this thesis is to make assessment of challenges that the Islamic Republic of Iran may face and Regarding the existing dimensions of “GMEI” this thesis will survey its political and security consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran.