This paper tends to the principles of fair trial to observe citizenship rights in Imamie jurisprudent, national law and international documents.

People of society may be engaged with legal system as plaintiff, defendant, and witness or informed. Observing citizenship rights in a fair trial requires that a citizen whose rights have been violated can refer to a fair, impartial and independent court and benefit legal requirements without any obstacle.

The format   of this dissertation is based on subjects of citizenship rights in trial process. All citizens should benefit some common rights relating to the(rule of law) and (proper judiciary) in the all five stages of the process :detection, prosecution, investigation, trial and execution.

There are some other rights for citizens which are related to individual freedoms. Considering the dignity and high value of human and respecting the legal freedom of people have been taken as basis for the procedure in order to observe the citizenship rights, so the defendant security rights including the right to have physical and psychological safety, the rights of social respect, privacy, compensating for damages and insuring   property. Rights have been discussed in the second chapter.

Some other rights in the process, considers their defending rights. In this context, some reflections of fundamental rights of people in the criminal procedure have been discussed, such as the right to know, the right to object and the right to benefit legal assistance. Fair trial can be achieved in the light of equity of means for both parties (defendant and plaintiff).

In addition to considering the principles of fair trial in international documents, this paper tended to explore in Islamic bases and jurisprudential resources, and discusses some of the modern principles of fair trial such as the principle of innocence and the prohibition of torture and coercion, then criticizes national laws in the light of principles of fair trial in Islamic resources  and  international documents, and finally some suggestions have been made to improve more proper trials in judiciary system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, accordingly some rights such as right to legality, right to public, impartial and independent hearing have been discussed.